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Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarla Bitkileri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Prof. Dr. Kenan Turgut, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcretimine ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00fclkede \u2019\u015feker otu\u2019 olarak bilinen \u2019Stevia\u2019 bitkisinin \u015fekerden 30 kat daha tatl\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r kaloriye sahip oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk olarak 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarla Bitkileri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Prof. Dr. Kenan Turgut ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lan stevia bitkisinin T\u00fcrk G\u0131da Kodeksi G\u0131da Katk\u0131 Maddeleri Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019ne g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131na izin verilmesinin ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar daha da \u00f6nem kazand\u0131. Prof. Dr. Kenan Turgut, d\u00fcnyada yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n taht\u0131n\u0131 sarsan ve \u00fclkede \u2019\u015feker otu\u2019 olarak bilinen \u2019Stevia\u2019 bitkisinin \u015fekerden 30 kat daha tatl\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen s\u0131f\u0131r kaloriye sahip oldu\u011funu ifade ederek, do\u011fal tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n meyve sular\u0131, gazl\u0131 i\u00e7ecekler, \u00e7ikolatalar, bisk\u00fcviler, pastalar, kekler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u015fekerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tatl\u0131 ya da farkl\u0131 g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcnde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya kullan\u0131lma potansiyeli bulundu\u011funu kaydetti.<\/p>\n
\u015eeker otunun en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011finin, kan \u015fekerini art\u0131rmamas\u0131 ve di\u015fleri \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmemesi oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Prof. Dr. Turgut, “Stevia kandaki \u015feker oran\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u015feker hastalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenle kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131f\u0131r kalori \u00f6zelli\u011finden dolay\u0131 da diyet \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde tercih edilmektedir. Bu bitkinin kuru yapraklar\u0131 \u015fekerden 20-30 kat, s\u0131v\u0131 ekstrakt\u0131 ise 200-300 kat daha tatl\u0131d\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Anavatan\u0131 Paraguay olan Stevia bitkisinin yapraklar\u0131nda bulunan Steviol glikozitler sayesinde bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede do\u011fal tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Prof. Dr. Turgut, “\u00d6rne\u011fin Japonya \u015feker ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 stevia bitkisinden kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r. G\u0131da maddelerinde \u015feker ve yapay tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zararlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u00e7a konu\u015fuldu\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde stevia bitkisi \u015feker ve sentetik tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lara alternatif olarak son derece sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 do\u011fal bir tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi ile Grow Fide A.\u015e. ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u2019\u015eeker Otu (Stevia rebaudiana) bitkisinde y\u00fcksek kalitede yaprak \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fit \u0131slah\u0131 ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir in vitro \u00e7o\u011faltma y\u00f6nteminin optimizasyonu\u2019 konulu T\u00dcB\u0130TAK SANTEZ projesi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclerek ba\u015far\u0131yla sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgisini veren Prof. Dr. Turgut, “Yabanc\u0131 d\u00f6llenen ve kendine uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren \u015feker otu bitkilerinde genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle, projede klon seleksiyon y\u00f6ntemi uygulanarak genetik ilerleme sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ve bunun sonucunda da tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek olan \u00e7e\u015fit adaylar\u0131 \u0131slah edilmi\u015ftir. Islah edilen \u00e7e\u015fit adaylar\u0131n\u0131n gelecek nesillerde homojenli\u011fini korumak i\u00e7in ise s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir in vitro \u00e7o\u011faltma y\u00f6ntemi geli\u015ftirilerek ideal fidelerin \u00fcretilmesi sa\u011fland\u0131. Islah edilen \u00e7e\u015fit adaylar\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 adedine G\u0131da Tar\u0131m ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Tohumluk Tescil ve Sertifikasyon M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk defa \u00fcretim izni verildi. B\u00f6ylece, Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesinde 2011 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucu T\u00fcrkiye tar\u0131m\u0131na kazand\u0131r\u0131lan stevia bitkisinin tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. Stevian\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 da T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in \u2019\u015eeker Otu\u2019 olarak belirlemi\u015f olduk\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda bu bitkinin tar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla yayg\u0131nla\u015faca\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Prof. Dr. Turgut, stevia bitkisinin do\u011fal ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ekonomik getirisinin de olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu ifade etti.