G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde geli\u015fmi\u015f ve geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde ba\u015fta gelen \u00f6l\u00fcm ve i\u015f g\u00f6rmezlik nedenleri aras\u0131nda yer alan kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunan Prof. Dr. Hamza Duygu, sigaran\u0131n b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ile kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 riskinin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na yakalanma ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade etti.<\/p>\n
Avrupa\u2019da t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin y\u00fczde 49\u2019u, 65 ya\u015f alt\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin ise y\u00fczde 30\u2019unun kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle oldu\u011funu ifade eden Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu \u00dcniversitesi Hastanesi Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Hamza Duygu, kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u00fclkesinde orta ve ileri ya\u015f grubunda en \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeni oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Prof. Dr. Duygu, s\u00fcrekli art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmler hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalara \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
\u201c20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fcnya genelinde \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin y\u00fczde 10\u2019undan daha az\u0131ndan sorumluyken, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131ndan, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde ise y\u00fczde 25\u2019inden sorumludur. 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda da kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya genelinde sakatl\u0131k ve \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin en \u00f6nemli nedeni oldu\u011fu kabul edilmektedir. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc verilerine g\u00f6re 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 16,6 milyon insan kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015ftir.”<\/p>\n
\u201cKalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kontrol edilebilir\u201d<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn, kan bas\u0131nc\u0131, obezite, kolesterol ve sigara i\u00e7iminin kontrol\u00fc ile kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131ya indirilebilece\u011fini bildirdi\u011fini ifade eden Prof. Dr. Duygu, bu anlamda koruyucu hekimli\u011fin, kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir role sahip oldu\u011funu, amac\u0131n kalp damar t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek risk ta\u015f\u0131yan bireylerin saptanmas\u0131 ve bu ki\u015filerdeki ilk veya tekrarlayan kalp damar t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n
Ama\u00e7; obezite, hipertansiyon ve sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Hamza Duygu, \u201cKalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 birden fazla fakt\u00f6re ba\u011fl\u0131 hastal\u0131klard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n her toplumda etkin oldu\u011fu kabul edilen risk fakt\u00f6rleri vard\u0131r. Sigara i\u00e7memenin, kilo almaman\u0131n, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmenin, en az g\u00fcnde yar\u0131m saat, haftada be\u015f g\u00fcn olmak \u00fczere d\u00fczenli egzersiz yapman\u0131n, normal \u015feker metabolizmas\u0131n\u0131n ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 stresten uzak durman\u0131n kalp ve damar sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemi bilinmektedir\u201d diyerek, kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile ilgili risk fakt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131nda ya\u015f, cinsiyet, genetik ve etnik etkenler \u201cde\u011fi\u015ftirilemez etkenler\u201d grubuna girerken, sigara, sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 alkol t\u00fcketimi, oturgan (sedanter) ya\u015fam, \u015fi\u015fmanl\u0131k, kan ya\u011flar\u0131, kan bas\u0131nc\u0131 ve kan \u015fekeri y\u00fcksekli\u011finin ise \u201cd\u00fczeltilebilir risk fakt\u00f6rleri\u201d olarak ayr\u0131labildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
De\u011fi\u015fen ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n gen\u00e7 ya\u015flara inmesine etken<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde teknolojinin h\u0131zla ilerlemesinin getirdi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fimler nedeniyle toplumun g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e farkl\u0131la\u015fan bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan Duygu, modern ya\u015fam\u0131n getirdi\u011fi olanaklar nedeniyle insanlar\u0131n daha az hareket eder hale geldi\u011fini, ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 da k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6nde etkiledi\u011fini ifade ederek \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti, \u201cBeslenmenin daha \u00e7ok hayvansal kaynakl\u0131 g\u0131dalara dayanmas\u0131, sebze ve meyvenin yeterince t\u00fcketilmemesi, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011fl\u0131, soslu, y\u00fcksek enerjili g\u0131dalar t\u00fcketilmesi, fiziksel aktivite eksikli\u011fi ile birle\u015fti\u011finde kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na yakalanma riskini artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda yirmili otuzlu ya\u015flarda da kalp damar t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00fcnl\u00fck prati\u011fimizde daha s\u0131k rastlamaktay\u0131z. Bunun en \u00f6nemli nedeni sigara al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Buna ek olarak fiziksel aktivitedeki azalma, kilo art\u0131\u015f\u0131, beslenmeye yeterince dikkat edilmemesi ve stres de katk\u0131da bulunan fakt\u00f6rler olabilir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Kalp sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumada beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor<\/p>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenme sayesinde kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na neden olan risk fakt\u00f6rlerinden a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilo, kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek tansiyon geli\u015fiminin geciktirilebilece\u011fini veya azalt\u0131labilece\u011fini kaydeden Prof. Dr. Hamza Duygu, toplumda giderek yerle\u015fen bat\u0131 tipi diyet ve fast food al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele etmenin bu hedeflere ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli oldu\u011funu belirtti. Duygu \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti,:<\/p>\n
\u201cDiyet al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7ocukluk ya\u015flar\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu ya\u015flardan itibaren sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 diyet al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmesi ile toplumun kalp damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riski azalt\u0131labilir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalori ve tuz t\u00fcketiminin \u00f6nlenmesi, hayvansal ya\u011flar\u0131n azalt\u0131larak bitkisel ya\u011flar\u0131n, taze sebze, meyve, lifden zengin yiyecekler ve bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha \u00e7ok t\u00fcketildi\u011fi bir diyetin benimsenmesi kalp damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskini azaltmaktad\u0131r. Nitekim zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ve bal\u0131k t\u00fcketiminin daha fazla oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00fcmler daha az g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Toplam t\u00fcketilen enerjinin y\u00fczde 30\u2019dan az\u0131n\u0131n hayvansal ya\u011flardan k\u00f6ken almas\u0131 gerekmektedir.”<\/p>\n
\u015ei\u015fmanl\u0131k ve hareket azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na sebep<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelik verilmesi gereken bir di\u011fer konunun da \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki korkutucu art\u0131\u015ftan sorumlu \u015fi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve hareket azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini hat\u0131rlatan Duygu, bu konuda toplum d\u00fczeyinde verilmesi gereken m\u00fccadelenin, topluma e\u011fitim yoluyla bilin\u00e7 kazand\u0131rmak suretiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fini ifade etti. Okullarda fiziksel aktivite derslerinin yan\u0131nda beslenme ile ilgili e\u011fitimler de verilmesi gerekti\u011fini ifade eden Duygu, \u201c\u0130lk ve orta dereceli okullarda fiziksel aktivite ve beslenmeyle ilgili e\u011fitimlere daha \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verilmelidir. Okullarda \u00f6\u011frencilere g\u00fcnde bir saat beden e\u011fitimi yapma olana\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Eri\u015fkinlerin ise beden e\u011fitimi yapabilece\u011fi merkezlerin say\u0131s\u0131 ve kalitesinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 devlet\u00e7e desteklenmelidir. Yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenle y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapabilece\u011fi parkur olanaklar\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131, var olanlar\u0131n kaliteleri y\u00fckseltilmelidir. Haftan\u0131n be\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc, g\u00fcnde en az 30 dakika s\u00fcre ile yap\u0131lacak y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f, ko\u015fu, jogging, step, y\u00fczme gibi yar\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olmayan aerobik, spor ve aktiviteler, kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n oksijenlenmesini art\u0131rman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ki\u015finin ideal kilosuna ula\u015fmas\u0131na, kolesterol d\u00fczeyinin d\u00fc\u015fmesine, kan bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na, ayr\u0131ca ki\u015finin stres d\u00fczeyinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na da yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u015ei\u015fmanl\u0131k ile m\u00fccadelede medyaya da \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00e7ikolata, gofret, bisk\u00fcvi, gibi at\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin televizyon kanallar\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan reklamlar\u0131na ve okullardaki sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na k\u0131smi k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getirilmesi gerekti\u011fini de s\u00f6zlerine ekleyen Duygu, abdominal obezitenin (ya\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6bek \u00e7evresinde toplanmas\u0131) genel obeziteden daha zararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kavram\u0131n\u0131n halka ve hekimlere benimsetilmesi gerekti\u011fini, bel \u00e7evresi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, hekimlerin kan bas\u0131nc\u0131na y\u00f6nelik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 rutin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerden biri gibi olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n
\u201cAvrupa\u2019daki veriler sigara kullananlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 y\u0131l daha az ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cD\u00fczenli olarak sigara i\u00e7enlerin y\u00fczde 50\u2019si sigara i\u00e7imi ile ili\u015fkili nedenlerden kaybedilmektedir ve bu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131 orta ya\u015f grubunda g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir\u201d diyen Duygu, i\u00e7ilen sigara miktar\u0131n\u0131n, kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131, kanser ve solunum sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu belirtti. Pasif i\u00e7icili\u011fin de benzer riskleri getirdi\u011fini, sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinde yine ilk basama\u011f\u0131n e\u011fitim oldu\u011funu, bu konuda okullarda, i\u015fyerlerinde ve sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda yo\u011fun \u00e7abalar harcanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Hamza Duygu, bilinen kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 olan veya y\u00fcksek risk grubuna dahil edilen bireyler i\u00e7in korunma tedavisinin ana hedeflerini \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetledi:<\/p>\n
“Sigara duman\u0131ndan uzak durun.<\/p>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazan\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Her g\u00fcn d\u00fczenli spor yap\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Kilo almamaya dikkat edin, ideal kilonuzu koruyun.<\/p>\n
Kan bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmemesine \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterin.<\/p>\n
Fazla tuzdan uzak durun.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6t\u00fc huylu kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fine dikkat edin.<\/p>\n
Kan \u015fekeri kontrol\u00fc sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcnde ortalama 7 saat uyumaya dikkat edin.<\/p>\n
Stresli ya\u015famdan uzak durun, iyimser olmaya gayret edin.<\/p>\n
Fazla alkol t\u00fcketiminden ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n
M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca kirli havan\u0131n oldu\u011fu yerlerden uzak durun.”<\/p>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam \u00f6nerileri<\/p>\n
\u201cK\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et, sakatat, sucuk, past\u0131rma, sosis gibi hayvansal g\u0131dalarda ve tereya\u011f\u0131nda bol bulunan doymu\u015f ya\u011flar ve trans ya\u011f asiti i\u00e7eri\u011fi y\u00fcksek margarinler yerine, tekli (zeytin ya\u011f\u0131) ve \u00e7oklu doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011flardan (soya ve m\u0131s\u0131r ya\u011f\u0131, bal\u0131k) zengin yiyecekler ve omega 3 (bal\u0131k) ve 6 (soya ya\u011f\u0131, m\u0131s\u0131r \u00f6z\u00fc) ya\u011f asitinden zengin yiyecekler tercih edilmelidir\u201d \u00f6nerilerinde bulunan Prof. Dr. Hamza Duygu, bu tip beslenme ile hem k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu kolesterol (LDL-kolesterol) ve trigliserid art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenebilece\u011fini, hem de iyi huylu kolesterol\u00fcn (HDL-kolesterol) art\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fini hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Hamza Duygu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131n sonunda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bireylere beslenme ve ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u015fu \u00f6nerilerde bulundu;<\/p>\n
“Ya\u011fs\u0131z s\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri t\u00fcketin.<\/p>\n
Haftada 1-2 kez bal\u0131k tercih edin.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcnde en az \u00fc\u00e7 kez sebze meyve t\u00fcketin.<\/p>\n
Genellikle beyaz et (tavuk, hindi gibi) tercih edin.<\/p>\n
Ya\u011fs\u0131z dana veya koyun etini ha\u015flama veya \u0131zgara olarak t\u00fcketin.<\/p>\n
Kat\u0131 ya\u011flardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Bol posal\u0131 yiyecekler (tah\u0131llar, yulafl\u0131 kepekli ekmekler, bulgur, baklagiller vb.) t\u00fcketin.<\/p>\n
Ara \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnleri sebze meyve ile ge\u00e7i\u015ftirin.<\/p>\n
Yatmadan \u00f6nce kesinlikle yemek yemeyin.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 alkolden ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Sigara ve stresten uzak durun ve ideal kiloda kalabilmek i\u00e7in haftada 5 g\u00fcn en az yar\u0131m saat egzersiz yap\u0131n.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
YAKIN DO\u011eU \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130 HASTANES\u0130 KARD\u0130YOLOJ\u0130 ANAB\u0130L\u0130M DALI BA\u015eKANI PROF. DR. HAMZA DUYGU, G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZDE GEL\u0130\u015eM\u0130\u015e VE GEL\u0130\u015eMEKTE OLAN \u00dcLKELERDE BA\u015eTA GELEN \u00d6L\u00dcM VE \u0130\u015e G\u00d6RMEZL\u0130K NEDENLER\u0130 ARASINDA YER ALAN KALP VE DAMAR HASTALIKLARI HAKKINDA A\u00c7IKLAMALARDA BULUNDU.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,20],"tags":[16429,33572,31076,1551,36269,14722],"class_list":["post-1322086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-saglik","category-turkiye","tag-damar","tag-dusuyor","tag-hastaliklarina","tag-kalp","tag-yakalanma","tag-yasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1322086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1322086"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1322086\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1322086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1322086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1322086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}