![](\"http:\/\/www.erzurumflas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/turkiyede-40-yas-ustu-her-5-kisiden-biri-koah-hastasi_ee2a5de.jpg\")
T\u00fcrk Toraks Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Arzu Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, 40 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc her 5 ki\u015fiden birinde KOAH rahats\u0131z\u0131l\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\nT\u00fcrk Toraks Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Arzu Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, 40 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc her 5 ki\u015fiden birinde KOAH rahats\u0131z\u0131l\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk Toraks Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Arzu Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu, bu y\u0131l D\u00fcnya KOAH G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 18 Kas\u0131m 2015 olarak belirlendi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek, \u201cKOAH [Kronik (M\u00fczmin) Obstr\u00fcktif (T\u0131kay\u0131c\u0131) Akci\u011fer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131] nefes yollar\u0131nda mikroplarla olu\u015fmayan bir iltihaplanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fan ilerleyici bir akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. KOAH, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada \u00f6nemli bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunu olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, kamuoyu taraf\u0131ndan yeterince bilinmeyen bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. KOAH\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 40 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc yeti\u015fkinlerde y\u00fczde 15- 20\u2019dir. Bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle toplumumuzda 40 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc her 5 ki\u015fiden birinde KOAH vard\u0131r. Oysa 10 KOAH hastas\u0131n\u0131n sadece biri doktora ba\u015fvurmu\u015f ve do\u011fru tan\u0131 alabilmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda, \u00fclkemizde bulunan 3-5 milyona yak\u0131n KOAH\u2019l\u0131 hastan\u0131n sadece 300-500 bini kendisinde hastal\u0131k oldu\u011funu bilmektedir. Hedefimiz KOAH\u2019\u0131n her y\u0131l daha fazla ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan bilinmesi ve risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015filerin sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131na ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 daha kaliteli s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerini sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u201cKOAH D\u00dcNYADA 3. \u00d6L\u00dcM NEDEN\u0130\u201d<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel Hastal\u0131k Y\u00fck\u00fc \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re, KOAH\u2019\u0131n y\u0131lda 2.9 milyon \u00f6l\u00fcme neden oldu\u011funu belirten Prof. Dr. Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
\u201cG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada 3. \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeni haline gelen KOAH, t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin de y\u00fczde 5.5\u2019inden sorumludur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de solunum sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131 en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen 3. \u00f6l\u00fcm nedenidir ve bu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin y\u00fczde 61.5\u2019i KOAH nedeniyledir. Toplumun KOAH konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmamas\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n erken tan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve etkin tedavisini g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirmektedir. KOAH geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada en yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclen risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc sigara duman\u0131d\u0131r. Sigara i\u00e7enler, i\u00e7meyenlere g\u00f6re, daha fazla solunumsal \u015fikayetlere, daha fazla solunum fonksiyon kayb\u0131na ve daha y\u00fcksek KOAH \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131na sahiptirler. Di\u011fer tip t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 (pipo, puro, nargile vb.) ve \u00e7evresel t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131 da KOAH geli\u015fimine katk\u0131da bulunmaktad\u0131r. KOAH geli\u015fiminde genetik risk fakt\u00f6rlerinin rol\u00fc hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok iyi ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, sa\u011fl\u0131kta e\u015fitsizlik, \u00f6zellikle biyomas (odun, tezek, k\u00f6k benzeri yak\u0131t) kullan\u0131m\u0131na ikincil i\u00e7 ortam hava kirlili\u011fi ve tozlu-dumanl\u0131 i\u015fyerlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00e7evresel risk fakt\u00f6rleri oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Son y\u0131llarda \u00f6nemi giderek vurgulanmaya ba\u015flayan fiziksel aktivitede azalma, hareketsizlik de art\u0131k bir risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olarak kabul edilmektedir\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u201cKOAH\u2019LI HASTALAR MUTLAKA EGZERS\u0130Z YAPMALI\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk Toraks Derne\u011fi GARD Temsilcisi ve Koordinat\u00f6r Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Prof. Dr. Bilun Gemicio\u011flu ise KOAH\u2019da en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen yak\u0131nmalar\u0131n nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck ve balgam \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade ederek \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n
\u201cSigara i\u00e7en ki\u015filer \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck ve balgam\u0131 kan\u0131ksarlar ve bu nedenle doktora ba\u015fvurmazlar. Nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle fizik aktivitede azalma ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Eforda nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7eken ki\u015fi, yol y\u00fcr\u00fcmek istemez, g\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u015flerini azalt\u0131r, markete gitmeye \u00e7ekinir ve zamanla evden \u00e7\u0131kmamay\u0131 tercih eder hale gelir. Bu \u015fekilde giderek artan fiziksel aktivite azalmas\u0131, hastan\u0131n ya\u015fam kalitesini bozarak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesine neden olur, sakatl\u0131k ve \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7ar. Yirmi y\u0131l boyunca izlenen KOAH\u2019l\u0131 olgularda haftada iki saat ve daha fazla y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapan hastalarda hem KOAH nedeniyle hastaneye ba\u015fvurularda hem de bu hastal\u0131k nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131nda y\u00fczde 30-40 azalma saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle, hem bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi hem de ilerlemesinin engellenmesinde \u2018fiziksel aktivitenin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u201cKOAH\u2019IN ERKEN TANISI \u00c7OK \u00d6NEML\u0130\u201d<\/p>\n
KOAH\u2019\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, basit ve a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131z bir test olan \u201cnefes \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm testi\u201d ile kolayca konabildi\u011fini belirten Prof. Dr Gemicio\u011flu, KOAH\u2019\u0131n erken tan\u0131s\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 sakatl\u0131k ve \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti. Prof. Dr Gemicio\u011flu, bu nedenle 40 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc, sigara i\u00e7mi\u015f ya da i\u00e7mekte olan ve\/veya meslek icab\u0131 ya da \u00e7evresel ortam gere\u011fi tozlu ortamlarda bulunan ki\u015filerde m\u00fczmin seyirli \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, balgam ve nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yak\u0131nmalar\u0131ndan en az birinin bulunmas\u0131 halinde ki\u015finin bir g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs hastal\u0131klar\u0131 hekimi taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp \u201dnefes \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm testini\u201d yapt\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n
KOAH ilerleyici bir hastal\u0131k olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlenebilir ve tedavi edilebilir bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Prof. Dr Gemicio\u011flu \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
\u201cKOAH\u2019l\u0131 bir hastan\u0131n yapmas\u0131 gereken ilk i\u015f sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak amac\u0131yla hekime ba\u015fvurmas\u0131d\u0131r. Sigara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedavi edilebilen bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, di\u011fer zararl\u0131 toz ve dumandan uzak durulmas\u0131, grip ve zat\u00fcrre a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve nefes yoluyla al\u0131nan ila\u00e7 tedavisinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra fiziksel aktivitenin \u00f6nerilmesi ve uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131; hem hastal\u0131k geli\u015fimi, hem hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesi ve k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinde \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. Yeterli bir fiziksel aktivite i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131r egzersizlere gerek yoktur, haftan\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcnleri yap\u0131lan orta yo\u011funluktaki fiziksel aktivite yeterlidir. Herkesin yapabilece\u011fi bir aktivite olan y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f, d\u00fczenli fiziksel aktivitenin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hemen t\u00fcm yararlar\u0131 sa\u011flayabilmektedir\u201d.